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with a set face

  • 1 set

    [set] present participle ˈsetting: past tense, past participle set
    1. verb
    1) to put or place:

    She set the tray down on the table.

    يَضَع
    2) to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal:

    Please would you set the table for me?

    يُعِد المائِدَه
    3) to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc):

    It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.

    يُحَدِّد، يُعَيِّن

    He should set the others a good example.

    يُعْطي، يُعَيِّن
    5) to cause to start doing something:

    His behaviour set people talking.

    يَجْعَل، يُحَفِّز
    6) (of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon:

    It gets cooler when the sun sets.

    تَغيب الشَّمْس
    7) to become firm or solid:

    Has the concrete set?

    يَجْمَد، يَتَخَثَّر
    8) to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function:

    He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.

    يَضْبِط السّاعَه
    9) to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.
    يُصَفِّف الشَّعْر
    10) to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.
    يُثَبِّت، يُرَصِّع
    11) to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing:

    They set his broken arm.

    يُجَبِّر
    2. adjective
    1) fixed or arranged previously:

    There is a set procedure for doing this.

    مُعَيَّن سَلَفا
    2) ( often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something):

    He is set on going.

    مُصَمِّم
    3) deliberate:

    He had the set intention of hurting her.

    مَقْصود
    4) stiff; fixed:

    He had a set smile on his face.

    جامِد، مُتَصَلِّب
    5) not changing or developing:

    set ideas.

    ثابِت، لا يَتَغَيَّر
    6) ( with with) having something set in it:

    a gold ring set with diamonds.

    مُرَصَّع
    3. noun
    1) a group of things used or belonging together:

    a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.

    'طَقْم
    2) an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals:

    a television/radio set.

    جِهاز
    3) a group of people:

    the musical set.

    مَجْموعَه
    4) the process of setting hair:

    a shampoo and set.

    تَصْفيف الشَّعْر
    5) scenery for a play or film:

    There was a very impressive set in the final act.

    مَشْهَد
    6) a group of six or more games in tennis:

    She won the first set and lost the next two.

    سِتَّة ألعاب تِنِس
    7) set(t) a block of stone used in street paving.
    حَجَر يُسْتَعْمَل في بناء رَصيف الشّارِع

    Arabic-English dictionary > set

  • 2 смотреть правде в глаза (imp .; not used with neg.)

    Set phrase: face reality

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > смотреть правде в глаза (imp .; not used with neg.)

  • 3 a face pe grozavul

    to give oneself / to assume airs
    to set up one's comb
    to cut a dash / a figure / a show / a flash
    to mount the high horse
    to do the grand
    to lord it over smb.
    to be out to kill
    amer. to do business with a big spoon
    to grow / to get too big for one's boots / breeches / shoes / trousers
    to put it on
    to bell the cat
    to play upstage
    to show off
    to stick it on
    to stick oneself up
    to put on side
    to cut a dash / a feather / a shine /
    amer. a swath
    amer. sl. to cut it (fat).

    Română-Engleză dicționar expresii > a face pe grozavul

  • 4 с каменным лицом

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > с каменным лицом

  • 5 enfrentar

    v.
    1 to bring face to face (poner frente a frente).
    2 to confront, to face (hacer frente a).
    enfrentan el futuro con inquietud they face the future with unease
    María enfrentó a la chismosa Mary confronted the gossip.
    María confrontó sus problemas Mary confronted her problems.
    * * *
    1 (poner frente a frente) to bring face to face, confront
    2 (encarar) to face, confront
    1 (hacer frente) to face (a/con, -), confront (a/con, -)
    2 DEPORTE to meet (a/con, -)
    3 (pelearse) to have an argument (a, with), fall out (a, with); (chocar) to clash (a/con, with)
    * * *
    verb
    to face, confront
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=enemistar) to set against
    2) (=afrontar) [+ dificultad] to face (up to), confront; [+ realidad] to face (up to)
    3) (=encarar)

    este partido enfrentará a los dos mejores tenistas — this match will bring together the two best tennis players, this match will bring the two best tennis players face to face

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <problema/peligro/realidad> to confront, face up to; < futuro> to face
    2)
    a) <contrincantes/opositores> to bring... face to face
    b) ( enemistar) to bring... into conflict
    2.
    enfrentarse v pron

    enfrentarse a/con alguien: se enfrentaron con la policía they clashed with the police; se enfrentó con el enemigo he confronted the enemy; el equipo se enfrenta hoy a Paraguay today the team comes up against o meets Paraguay; enfrentarse a algo a dificultades/peligros to face something; no quiere enfrentarse a la realidad — he doesn't want to face up to reality

    b) (recípr) equipos/atletas to meet; tropas/oponentes to clash
    * * *
    = oppose, drive + a wedge between.
    Ex. A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.
    Ex. While the current problems associated with serial economics have driven a wedge between vendors, librarians and publishers, they should be cooperating and communicating in order to withstand the information explosion.
    ----
    * enfrentar a = pit against.
    * enfrentarse = struggle, tackle, come to + terms with, engage, come + face to face.
    * enfrentarse a = be faced with, come to + grips with, confront, face, face up to, meet, cope with, get to + grips with, clash with, grapple with, wrestle with, get + a grip on, go + head-to-head with, be up against, come up against, run up against, line up against, brave, breast, have + a go at, address, engage in + confrontation with.
    * enfrentarse a Algo cara a cara = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.
    * enfrentarse a alternativas = be faced with choices, face + choices.
    * enfrentarse a la muerte = face + death.
    * enfrentarse a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + reality.
    * enfrentarse a la realidad (de que) = face + (up to) the fact that, face + the truth (that).
    * enfrentarse a la vida = cope with + life, face + life, cope.
    * enfrentarse al futuro = face up to + the future, face + the future.
    * enfrentarse al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.
    * enfrentarse a los cambios = cope with + change.
    * enfrentarse a los elementos = brave + the elements.
    * enfrentarse a una barrera = face + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a una crisis = face + crisis.
    * enfrentarse a una cuestión = run up against + issue.
    * enfrentarse a una limitación = face + constraint, face + limitation.
    * enfrentarse a una reacción + Adjetivo = meet with + Adjetivo + reaction.
    * enfrentarse a una situación = face + situation, meet + situation.
    * enfrentarse a una tarea = face + task.
    * enfrentarse a una traba = face + limitation, face + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a un dilema = face + dilemma.
    * enfrentarse a un impás = face + impasse.
    * enfrentarse a un obstáculo = address + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a un problema = challenge + threat, confront + question, cope with + problem, face + problem, confront + problem, come up against + problem, experience + problem, struggle with + issue, wrestle with + problem, deal with + issue.
    * enfrentarse a un reto = face + challenge, meet + challenge, undertake + challenge, handle + challenge, confront + challenge.
    * enfrentarse cara a cara con = go + eyball to eyeball with.
    * enfrentarse con una dificultad = face + difficulty.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <problema/peligro/realidad> to confront, face up to; < futuro> to face
    2)
    a) <contrincantes/opositores> to bring... face to face
    b) ( enemistar) to bring... into conflict
    2.
    enfrentarse v pron

    enfrentarse a/con alguien: se enfrentaron con la policía they clashed with the police; se enfrentó con el enemigo he confronted the enemy; el equipo se enfrenta hoy a Paraguay today the team comes up against o meets Paraguay; enfrentarse a algo a dificultades/peligros to face something; no quiere enfrentarse a la realidad — he doesn't want to face up to reality

    b) (recípr) equipos/atletas to meet; tropas/oponentes to clash
    * * *
    = oppose, drive + a wedge between.

    Ex: A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.

    Ex: While the current problems associated with serial economics have driven a wedge between vendors, librarians and publishers, they should be cooperating and communicating in order to withstand the information explosion.
    * enfrentar a = pit against.
    * enfrentarse = struggle, tackle, come to + terms with, engage, come + face to face.
    * enfrentarse a = be faced with, come to + grips with, confront, face, face up to, meet, cope with, get to + grips with, clash with, grapple with, wrestle with, get + a grip on, go + head-to-head with, be up against, come up against, run up against, line up against, brave, breast, have + a go at, address, engage in + confrontation with.
    * enfrentarse a Algo cara a cara = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.
    * enfrentarse a alternativas = be faced with choices, face + choices.
    * enfrentarse a la muerte = face + death.
    * enfrentarse a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + reality.
    * enfrentarse a la realidad (de que) = face + (up to) the fact that, face + the truth (that).
    * enfrentarse a la vida = cope with + life, face + life, cope.
    * enfrentarse al futuro = face up to + the future, face + the future.
    * enfrentarse al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.
    * enfrentarse a los cambios = cope with + change.
    * enfrentarse a los elementos = brave + the elements.
    * enfrentarse a una barrera = face + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a una crisis = face + crisis.
    * enfrentarse a una cuestión = run up against + issue.
    * enfrentarse a una limitación = face + constraint, face + limitation.
    * enfrentarse a una reacción + Adjetivo = meet with + Adjetivo + reaction.
    * enfrentarse a una situación = face + situation, meet + situation.
    * enfrentarse a una tarea = face + task.
    * enfrentarse a una traba = face + limitation, face + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a un dilema = face + dilemma.
    * enfrentarse a un impás = face + impasse.
    * enfrentarse a un obstáculo = address + barrier.
    * enfrentarse a un problema = challenge + threat, confront + question, cope with + problem, face + problem, confront + problem, come up against + problem, experience + problem, struggle with + issue, wrestle with + problem, deal with + issue.
    * enfrentarse a un reto = face + challenge, meet + challenge, undertake + challenge, handle + challenge, confront + challenge.
    * enfrentarse cara a cara con = go + eyball to eyeball with.
    * enfrentarse con una dificultad = face + difficulty.

    * * *
    enfrentar [A1 ]
    vt
    A ‹problema/peligro› to confront, face up to
    podemos enfrentar el futuro con optimismo we can face the future with optimism
    tienes que enfrentar la realidad you have to face up to reality, you have to face facts
    B
    1 ‹contrincantes/opositores› to bring … face to face enfrentar a algn CON algn to bring sb face to face WITH sb
    el combate enfrentará al campeón europeo con el africano the fight will bring together the European and African champions, the fight will bring the European champion face to face with the African champion, the European and African champions will meet in the fight
    2 (enemistar) to bring … into conflict
    1 (hacer frente a) enfrentarse A/ CON algn:
    se enfrentaron con la policía they clashed with the police
    se enfrentó con el enemigo he confronted the enemy
    se enfrentó duramente al or con el líder de la oposición she clashed with the leader of the opposition
    el equipo se enfrenta hoy a Paraguay today the team comes up against o meets Paraguay
    enfrentarse A algo:
    tuvieron que enfrentarse a múltiples dificultades/peligros they had to face many difficulties/dangers
    nunca ha querido enfrentarse a la realidad he has never wanted to face up to reality
    ya cambiará cuando tenga que enfrentarse a la vida he'll change when he has to face up to life
    2 ( recípr) «equipos/atletas» to meet; «tropas» to clash
    los dos líderes se enfrentaron en un duro debate the two leaders clashed in a fierce debate
    * * *

     

    enfrentar ( conjugate enfrentar) verbo transitivo
    1 ‹problema/peligro/realidad› to confront, face up to;
    ‹ futuro› to face
    2
    a) ‹contrincantes/opositores› to bring … face to face

    b) ( enemistar) to bring … into conflict

    enfrentarse verbo pronominal
    a) ( hacer frente a) enfrentarse con algn ‹con rival/enemigo› to confront sb;

    enfrentarse a algo ‹a dificultades/peligros› to face sth;
    ‹a realidad/responsabilidad› to face up to sth
    b) ( recípr) [equipos/atletas] to meet;

    [tropas/oponentes] to clash
    enfrentar verbo transitivo
    1 (afrontar) to confront, face up to
    2 (enemistar) to set at odds: las diferencias políticas enfrentaron a los dos amigos, political differences set them at odds
    3 (poner frente a frente) to bring face to face
    ' enfrentar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    play off against
    - confront
    - pit
    - tackle
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [enemistar] to bring into conflict
    2. [poner frente a frente] to bring face to face ( con with);
    un partido que enfrentará al actual campeón con sus antiguos rivales a game that will pit the current champions against their old rivals
    3. [hacer frente a] to confront, to face;
    enfrentan el futuro con inquietud they face the future with unease
    * * *
    v/t confront, face up to
    * * *
    : to confront, to face

    Spanish-English dictionary > enfrentar

  • 6 изправям

    1. (поставям вертикално) set up straight, set/stand upright
    stand (срещу, на against, on)
    изправям пред съд arraign, bring before the court, put on trial, bring to court//trial
    изправи чадъра си до стената stand your umbrella against the wall
    2. (нещо криво) straighten (out), make/put/set straight
    (кост, навехнато) set
    3. (поправям) correct, make good; rectify; redress
    изправям неправда redress a wrong
    изправям грешка correct/rectify a mistake
    4. ел. rectify
    рад. detect
    изправям се stand/get up, rise
    (след сядане и пр.) straighten up, sit up straight
    изправям се на крака rise to o.'s feet. stand up
    изправям се с целия си ръст draw o.s. up, rise to o.'s full height/stature
    косата, ми се изправи
    5. my hair stood on end; I was horrified
    6. my hair uncurled, my hair went out of curl
    изправям се пред съда stand before the court; face trial
    изправям се срещу врага confront/face the enemy
    изправям се пред дилема be faced/confronted with a dilemma, face a dilemma, be on the horns of a dilemma
    * * *
    изпра̀вям,
    гл.
    1. ( поставям вертикално) set up straight, set/stand upright; stand (срещу, на against, on); изправен съм пред съда face trial, stand trial; \изправям пред съд bring before the court, put on trial, bring to court/trial;
    2. ( нещо криво) straighten (out), make/put/set straight; ( кост, навехнато) set; (за къдрици) uncurl;
    3. ( поправям) correct, make good; rectify; put right redress; ( отстранявам повреда) repair; (в морално отношение) reform;
    4. ел. rectify; радио. detect;
    \изправям се stand/get up, rise; ( след сядане и пр.) straighten up, sit up straight; едва се \изправям на краката си totter to o.’s feet; изведнъж той се изправи пред нас suddenly he stood before us; \изправям се на крака rise to o.’s feet, stand up; ( след болест) get back on o.’s feet; (за кон) rear; \изправям се пред дилема be faced/confronted with a dilemma, face a dilemma, be on the horns of a dilemma; \изправям ce пред съда stand before the court; face trial; \изправям се с целия си ръст draw o.s. up, rise to o.’s full height/stature; косата ми се изправи
    1. my hair stood on end; I was horrified;
    2. my hair uncurled, my hair went out of curl; помагам някому да се изправи help s.o. up.
    * * *
    cock; detect (рад.); get up; raise; turn up; untwist; up-end; upright
    * * *
    1. (в морално отношение) reform 2. (за кон) rear 3. (кост, навехнато) set 4. (нещо криво) straighten (out), make/put/set straight 5. (отстранявам повреда) repair 6. (поправям) correct, make good;rectify;redress 7. (поставям вертикално) set up straight, set/stand upright 8. (след сядане и пр.) straighten up, sit up straight 9. 5) my hair stood on end;I was horrified 10. 6) my hair uncurled, my hair went out of curl 11. stand (срещу, на against, on) 12. ИЗПРАВЯМ ce пред съда stand before the court;face trial 13. ИЗПРАВЯМ грешка correct/rectify a mistake 14. ИЗПРАВЯМ неправда redress a wrong 15. ИЗПРАВЯМ пред съд arraign, bring before the court, put on trial, bring to court//trial 16. ИЗПРАВЯМ се stand/get up, rise 17. ИЗПРАВЯМ се на крака rise to o.'s feet. stand up 18. ИЗПРАВЯМ се пред дилема be faced/confronted with a dilemma, face a dilemma, be on the horns of a dilemma 19. ИЗПРАВЯМ се с целия си ръст draw o.s. up, rise to o.'s full height/stature 20. ИЗПРАВЯМ се срещу врага confront/face the enemy 21. ел. rectify 22. изведнаж той се изправи пред нас suddenly he stood before us 23. изправен съм пред съда face trial 24. изправи чадъра си до стената stand your umbrella against the wall 25. косата, ми се изправи 26. помагам някому да се изправи help s.o. up 27. рад. detect

    Български-английски речник > изправям

  • 7 opposer

    opposer [ɔpoze]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. [+ équipes, joueurs] to bring together ; [+ rivaux, pays] to bring into conflict (à with ) ; [+ idées, personnages, couleurs] to contrast (à with)
       b. ( = utiliser comme défense) [+ raisons] to put forward (à to)
    • opposer qch à qn/qch [+ armée, tactique] to set sth against sb/sth
    • que va-t-il opposer à notre proposition ? what objections will he make to our proposal?
    2. reflexive verb
       a. (mutuellement) [équipes, joueurs] to confront each other ; [rivaux, partis] to clash (à with ) ; [opinions, théories] to conflict ; [couleurs, styles] to contrast (à with ) ; [immeubles] to face each other
       b. ( = se dresser contre) s'opposer à [+ parents] to rebel against ; [+ mesure, mariage, progrès] to oppose
    * * *
    ɔpoze
    1.
    1) ( poser en obstacle) to put up [résistance, argument]

    opposer à — to match ou pit [somebody] against [personne, équipe]

    3) ( séparer) [litige] to divide [personnes]
    4) ( comparer) to compare (à to, with)

    2.
    s'opposer verbe pronominal

    s'opposer à quelque chose — ( montrer son désaccord) to be opposed to something; ( désapprouver activement) to oppose something

    2) ( empêcher)

    s'opposer à — to stand in the way of [développement, changement]

    3) ( contraster) to contrast ( with à)
    4) ( diverger) [idées, opinions] to conflict; [personnes] to disagree; [partisans] to be divided
    5) ( s'affronter) [équipes] to confront each other
    * * *
    ɔpoze vt
    1) (mettre en compétition ou conflit) [personnes, armées, équipes] to oppose

    Tout les oppose. — They're divided on everything.

    opposer qn à qn [match, rencontre] — to pit sb against sb

    Ce match oppose les Français aux Allemands. — This match pits the French against the Germans.

    2) (= mettre vis-à-vis) [meubles, objets] to put opposite each other
    3) (pour comparer, contraster) [livres, avantages] to contrast, [couleurs, termes, tons] to contrast

    opposer qch à (comme obstacle, défense) — to set sth against, (comme objection) to put sth forward against

    * * *
    opposer verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( poser en obstacle) to put up [résistance, argument]; opposer un refus à qn to refuse sb; opposer son veto à qch to veto sth; opposer un démenti à qch to deny sth, to issue a denial to sth sout; opposer que fml to object that;
    2 ( mettre en compétition) to match ou pit [sb] against [personne, équipe]; la finale opposait deux Américains the final was between two Americans; un match amical opposera les élèves aux or et les professeurs students and teachers will meet in a friendly;
    3 ( séparer) [litige, problème] to divide [personnes]; tout les oppose they're divided on everything; ce qui les oppose what they're divided on; le conflit qui a opposé les deux pays the conflict which set the two countries against each other;
    4 ( comparer) to compare (à to, with); il serait ridicule d'opposer Einstein à Newton it would be ridiculous to set Einstein beside Newton ou to compare Einstein to Newton; si l'on oppose la somme de travail fourni et le résultat if one sets the amount of work done off against the result, if one compares the amount of work done to the result.
    B s'opposer vpr
    1 ( ne pas accepter) s'opposer à qch ( montrer son désaccord) to be opposed to sth; ( désapprouver activement) to oppose sth; ils s'opposent fermement à ce que l'usine se construise they are strongly opposing the building of the factory;
    2 ( empêcher) s'opposer à to stand in the way of [développement, changement]; plus rien ne s'oppose à notre réussite nothing stands in the way of our success; le temps s'opposait à la marche de l'expédition the weather hindered the progress of the expedition;
    3 ( contraster) to contrast (with à); leur optimisme béat s'oppose aux prévisions économiques their smug optimism contrasts with the economic forecasts;
    4 ( diverger) [idées, opinions] to conflict; [personnes] to disagree; [partisans, clans] to be divided; deux théories s'opposent à ce sujet two theories conflict on this matter;
    5 ( s'affronter) [équipes, concurrents] to confront each other; les deux joueurs s'opposeront en demi-finale the two players will confront each other in the semifinals.
    [ɔpoze] verbe transitif
    1. [objecter - argument]
    2. [mettre en confrontation]
    a. (sens propre) to resist, to be resistant
    4. [disposer vis-à-vis] to set ou to place opposite each other
    ————————
    s'opposer à verbe pronominal plus préposition
    1. [être contre] to object to, to oppose
    le règlement/ma religion s'y oppose it goes against the rules/my religion
    je m'oppose à ce que tu reviennes I'm against ou opposed to your coming back
    [être en désaccord avec]
    2. [affronter] to oppose, to be against
    3. [contraster avec - couleur, notion, mot] to be the opposite of

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > opposer

  • 8 πρόσωπον

    πρόσωπον, ου, τό (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.).
    ⓐ lit. face, countenance Mt 6:16f; 17:2; Mk 14:65; Lk 9:29 (s. εἶδος 1); Ac 6:15ab (Chariton 2, 2, 2 θαυμάζουσαι τὸ πρόσωπον ὡς θεῖον; Damasc., Vi. Isid. 80 Πρόκλος ἐθαύμαζε τὸ Ἰσιδώρου πρόσωπον, ὡς ἔνθεον ἦν; Marinus, Vi. Procli 23); 2 Cor 3:7 twice, 13 (JMorgenstern, Moses with the Shining Face: HUCA 2, 1925, 1–28); cp. vs. 18; 4:6; but in the last two passages there is a transition from the face of Moses to a symbolic use of πρ. (s. 1bβג below); Rv 4:7; 9:7ab; 10:1; IEph 15:3 (cp. 1bβו); MPol 12:1; Hv 3, 10, 1; B 5:14; GJs 17:2; 18:2 (codd.). ἐμβριθεῖ τῷ πρ. MPol 9:2 (s. ἐμβριθής). ποίῳ προσώπῳ GJs 13:1b. πρόσωπον τῆς γενέσεως αὐτοῦ the face he was born with Js 1:23 (γένεσις 2a). ἐμπτύειν εἰς τὸ πρ. τινος spit in someone’s face (s. ἐμπτύω) Mt 26:67. εἰς πρ. δέρειν τινά strike someone in the face 2 Cor 11:20. τύπτειν τὸ πρ. GJs 13:1a. συνέπεσεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ his face fell or became distorted 1 Cl 4:3; cp. vs. 4 (Gen 4:6 and 5; JosAs 13:8). πίπτειν ἐπὶ (τὸ; the art. is usu. lacking; B-D-F §255, 4; 259, 1; cp. Rob. 792) πρ. αὐτοῦ fall on one’s face as a sign of devotion (=נָפַל עַל פָּנָיו; cp. Gen 17:3; Ruth 2:10; TestAbr A 9 p. 86, 16 [Stone p. 20]; JosAs 14:4 al.; ApcSed 14:2) Mt 17:6; 26:39; Rv 7:11; 11:16. Without αὐτοῦ (Gen 17:17; Num 14:5; Jos., Ant. 10, 11) Lk 5:12; 17:16; 1 Cor 14:25.
    ⓑ personal presence or relational circumstance, fig.
    α. in all kinds of imagery which, in large part, represent OT usage, and in which the face is oft. to be taken as the seat of the faculty of seeing. Βλέπειν πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον to see face to face 1 Cor 13:12 (cp. Gen 32:31 [Jos., Ant. 1, 334 θεοῦ πρόσωπον]; Judg 6:22. See HRiesenfeld, ConNeot 5, ’41, 19; 21f [abstracts of four articles]). κλίνειν τὸ πρ. εἰς τὴν γῆν Lk 24:5 (κλίνω 1). πρ. κυρίου ἐπὶ ποιοῦντας κακά 1 Pt 3:12; 1 Cl 22:6 (both Ps 33:17). ἐπίφανον τὸ πρ. σου ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς (ἐπιφαίνω 1) 60:3 (s. Num 6:25). ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ προσώπῳ τοῦ θεοῦ (ἐμφανίζω 1) Hb 9:24. βλέπειν τὸ πρ. τινος, i.e. of God (βλέπω 1a, ὁράω A1c and s. JBoehmer, Gottes Angesicht: BFCT 12, 1908, 321–47; EGulin, D. Antlitz Jahwes im AT: Annal. Acad. Scient. Fenn. 17, 3, 1923; FNötscher, ‘Das Anges. Gottes schauen’ nach bibl. u. babylon. Auffassung 1924) Mt 18:10; cp. Rv 22:4. ὁρᾶν, ἰδεῖν or θεωρεῖν τὸ πρ. τινος see someone’s face, i.e. see someone (present) in person (UPZ 70, 5 [152/151 B.C.] οὐκ ἄν με ἶδες τὸ πρόσωπον. See Gen 32:21; 43:3, 5; 46:30 al.) Ac 20:25, 38; 1 Th 2:17b; 3:10; IRo 1:1; s. IPol 1:1. τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ἐν σαρκί Col 2:1. τῷ προσώπῳ ἀγνοούμενος unknown by face, i.e. personally Gal 1:22 (ἀγνοέω 1b). ἀπορφανισθέντες ἀφʼ ὑμῶν προσώπῳ οὐ καρδίᾳ (dat. of specification) orphaned by separation from you in person, not in heart (or outwardly, not inwardly) 1 Th 2:17a. ἐκζητεῖν τὰ πρόσωπα τῶν ἁγίων (ἐκζητέω 1) B 19:10; D 4:2. ἀποστρέφειν τὸ πρ. ἀπό τινος (ἀποστρέφω 1) 1 Cl 18:9 (Ps 50:11); 16:3 (Is 53:3). στερεῖν τοῦ προσώπου τινός B 13:4 (Gen 48:11).—τὸ πρόσωπον στηρίζειν (s. στηρίζω 2 and cp. SAntoniades, Neotestamentica: Neophilologus 14, 1929, 129–35) Lk 9:51. τὸ πρ. αὐτοῦ ἦν πορευόμενον εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ his face was set toward Jerusalem vs. 53 (cp. 2 Km 17:11).—θαυμάζειν πρόσωπον flatter Jd 16 (PsSol 2:18; s. also θαυμάζω 1bα). λαμβάνειν πρόσωπον (=נָשָׂא פָנִים; cp. Sir 4:22; 35:13; 1 Esdr 4:39; s. Thackeray p. 43f; B-D-F p. 3, note 5; Rob. 94) show partiality or favoritism Lk 20:21; B 19:4; D 4:3. λαμβ. πρόσωπόν τινος (cp. Mal 1:8) Gal 2:6. S. PKatz, Kratylos 5, ’60, 161.
    β. governed by prepositions, in usages where πρ. in many cases requires a dynamic equivalent
    א. ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός from the presence of someone (JosAs 28:10; Just., A I, 36, 1; s. Vi. Aesopi W 104 v.l. p. 188 last line P. ἐπιστολὴ ὡς ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ Αἰσώπου) Ac 3:20; (away) from someone or someth. (Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 9 Jac. φυγεῖν ἀπὸ προσώπου Κύρου; LXX; PsSol 4:8 al.; Herodas 8, 59 ἔρρʼ ἐκ προσώπου=get out of my sight; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 11 [Stone p. 4] ἐκ προσώπου: here because of the compound ἐξέρχομαι) 5:41; 7:45; 2 Th 1:9; Rv 6:16 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); 12:14; 20:11 (cp. Ex 14:25; Josh 10:11; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34 and oft.) 1 Cl 4:8 (s. ἀποδιδράσκω), 10 (s. the passages cited for Rv 20:11 above); 18:11 (Ps 50:13; ἀπο[ρ]ρίπτω 2); 28:3 (Ps 138:7).
    ב. εἰς πρόσωπον: (Aesop, Fab. 302 P.= εἰς Ζηνὸς πρόσωπον ἔρχεσθαι=before the face of Zeus) εἰς πρόσωπον τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν before (lit. ‘in the face of’) the congregations 2 Cor 8:24. τὰ φαινόμενά σου εἰς πρόσωπον what meets your eye, i.e. the visible world IPol 2:2. βλέπειν εἰς πρόσωπόν τινος Mt 22:16; Mk 12:14 (s. βλέπω 4). To one’s face i.e. when present Hv 3, 6, 3 cj. (cp. POxy 903, 2; BGU 909, 12).
    ג. ἐν προσώπῳ (Maximus Tyr. 38, 1a) ἐν προσώπῳ Χριστοῦ before the face of Christ that looks down with approval 2 Cor 2:10 (cp. Pr 8:30; Sir 35:4), or as the representative of Christ (REB); difft. 4:6 on the face of Christ (s. 1a above).
    ד. κατὰ πρόσωπον face to face, (present) in person (Polyb. 24, 15, 2; Diod S 19, 46, 2; Plut., Caesar 716 [17, 8]; IMagnMai 93b, 11; IPriene 41, 6; OGI 441, 66 [81 B.C.]; PLond II, 479, 6 p. 256 [III A.D.?]; POxy 1071, 1) B 15:1. (Opp. ἀπών) 2 Cor 10:1. Παῦλος, ὸ̔ς γενόμενος ἐν ὑμῖν κατὰ πρόσωπον Pol 3:2. πρὶν ἢ ὁ κατηγορούμενος κατὰ πρόσωπον ἔχοι τοὺς κατηγόρους before the accused meets his accusers face to face Ac 25:16, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην I opposed him to his face Gal 2:11 (cp. Diod S 40, 5a of an accusation κατὰ πρόσωπον; 2 Macc 7:6; Jos., Ant. 5, 46; 13, 278).—κατὰ πρόσωπον with partiality, in favoritism B 19:7; D 4:10.—τὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον what is before your eyes 2 Cor 10:7.—Used w. the gen. like a prep. (PPetr III, 1 II, 8 κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ ἱεροῦ; LXX; Jos., Ant. 3, 144; 9, 8) κατὰ πρ. τινος before or in the presence of someone (Jos., Ant. 11, 235) Lk 2:31; Ac 3:13; 16:9 D; 1 Cl 35:10 (Ps. 49:21).
    ה. μετὰ προσώπου: πληρώσεις με εὐφροσύνης μετὰ τοῦ προσώπου σου Ac 2:28 (Ps 15:11); μετά A 2γ ג.
    ו. πρὸ προσώπου τινός (LXX; TestAbr A 12 p. 91, 4 [Stone p. 30] πρὸ προσώπου τῆς τραπέζης; GrBar 1:4; s. Johannessohn, Präp. 184–86) before someone Mt 11:10; Mk 1:2; Lk 7:27 (on all three cp. Mal 3:1).—Lk 1:76 v.l. (s. Ex 32:34); 9:52 (s. Ex 23:20); 10:1; 1 Cl 34:3 (s. Is 62:11). IEph 15:3 (cp. 1a).—πρὸ προσώπου τῆς εἰσόδου αὐτοῦ Ac 13:24 (εἴσοδος 2).
    ② entire bodily presence, person (Polyb. 5, 107, 3; 8, 13, 5; 12, 27, 10; 27, 7, 4; Diod S 37, 12, 1; Plut., Mor. 509b; Epict. 1, 2, 7; Vett. Val. s. index; Just., A I, 36, 2; POxy 1672, 4 [37–41 A.D.] ξένοις προσώποις=to strangers; 237 VII, 34; PRyl 28, 88. Cp. Phryn. p. 379 Lob., also Lob.’s comment p. 380; KPraechter, Philol 63, 1904, 155f) ὀλίγα πρόσωπα a few persons 1 Cl 1:1; ἓν ἢ δύο πρ. 47:6. τὰ προγεγραμμένα πρ. the persons mentioned above IMg 6:1. Here is surely also the place for ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων by many (persons) 2 Cor 1:11 (from Luther to NRSV et al.; ‘face’ is preferred by Heinrici, Plummer et al.—With this expr. cp. Diod S 15, 38, 4 ἐκ τρίτου προσώπου=[claims were raised] by a third ‘party’, i.e. Thebes, against Sparta and Athens).
    ③ the outer surface of someth., face= surface πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς (Gen 2:6; 7:23; 11:4, 8 al.) Lk 21:35; Ac 17:26; B 11:7 (Ps 1:4); and 6:9 prob. belongs here also.
    ④ that which is present in a certain form or character to a viewer, external things, appearance opp. καρδία (1 Km 16:7) 2 Cor 5:12. πρόσωπον εἰρήνης (opp. πονηρίαι … ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις) Hv 3, 6, 3. ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ (i.e. of grass and flowers) Js 1:11. Of the appearance of the sky Mt 16:3; cp. Lk 12:56 (s. Ps 103:30).—SSchlossmann, Persona u. Πρόσωπον im röm. Recht u. christl. Dogma 1906; RHirzel, Die Person; Begriff u. Name derselben im Altertum: SBBayAk 1914, Heft 10; HRheinfelder, Das Wort ‘Persona’; Gesch. seiner Bed. 1928; FAltheim, Persona: ARW 27, 1929, 35–52; RAC I 437–40; BHHW I 93f. B. 216.—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρόσωπον

  • 9 casa de pisos

    block of flats
    * * *
    (n.) = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex
    Ex. To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.
    Ex. The difference between the two systems can be illustrated by analogy with a set of letter-boxes located in the entrance to an apartment block, with one box for each resident.
    Ex. The broad tree-lined streets with large Victorian homes surrounded by ample greenery on what were once the outskirts of town -- the gracious and expansive habitations of the wealthy mill and factory owners -- gradually yield to a miscellany of recent bungalows, modest cottages, and modern apartment buildings.
    Ex. Multiculturalism is the reality of the community's neighbourhood and apartment complexes.
    * * *
    (n.) = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex

    Ex: To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.

    Ex: The difference between the two systems can be illustrated by analogy with a set of letter-boxes located in the entrance to an apartment block, with one box for each resident.
    Ex: The broad tree-lined streets with large Victorian homes surrounded by ample greenery on what were once the outskirts of town -- the gracious and expansive habitations of the wealthy mill and factory owners -- gradually yield to a miscellany of recent bungalows, modest cottages, and modern apartment buildings.
    Ex: Multiculturalism is the reality of the community's neighbourhood and apartment complexes.

    * * *
    apartment house, Br
    block of flats

    Spanish-English dictionary > casa de pisos

  • 10 изправя

    изпра̀вя,
    изпра̀вям гл.
    1. ( поставям вертикално) set up straight, set/stand upright; stand (срещу, на against, on); изправен съм пред съда face trial, stand trial; \изправя пред съд bring before the court, put on trial, bring to court/trial;
    2. ( нещо криво) straighten (out), make/put/set straight; ( кост, навехнато) set; (за къдрици) uncurl;
    3. ( поправям) correct, make good; rectify; put right redress; ( отстранявам повреда) repair; (в морално отношение) reform;
    4. ел. rectify; радио. detect;
    \изправя се stand/get up, rise; ( след сядане и пр.) straighten up, sit up straight; едва се \изправя на краката си totter to o.’s feet; изведнъж той се изправи пред нас suddenly he stood before us; \изправя се на крака rise to o.’s feet, stand up; ( след болест) get back on o.’s feet; (за кон) rear; \изправя се пред дилема be faced/confronted with a dilemma, face a dilemma, be on the horns of a dilemma; \изправя ce пред съда stand before the court; face trial; \изправя се с целия си ръст draw o.s. up, rise to o.’s full height/stature; косата ми се изправи
    1. my hair stood on end; I was horrified;
    2. my hair uncurled, my hair went out of curl; помагам някому да се изправи help s.o. up.

    Български-английски речник > изправя

  • 11 иметь дело

    1) General subject: be concerned, be up against (с кем-л.), concern, concern oneself, deal (refuse to deal with somebody - отказываться иметь дело с кем-либо), handle, have dealings, have to do, reckon (с чем-л., кем-л.), to be up against (smb.) (с кем-л.), treat (с кем-либо; о чем-либо), (с кем-л.) have to deal with someone (If you keep teasing him, you'll have to deal with me.), consort (with), (с кем-л., чем-л.) do deal with, (с кем-л., чем-л.) do a deal with
    2) Computers: face
    3) Obsolete: pack and peel
    4) Mathematics: deal (with), have to do (with)
    5) Law: deal (с кем-л., с чем-л.)
    6) Economy: be in the trade, deal with (чем-л.; с кем-л.)
    7) Diplomatic term: (with) deal (с кем-л., чем-л.)
    8) Set phrase: (с кем. с чем) do business with (smb.), (с кем. с чем)(с кем) deal with (smb.), (с кем. с чем) deal with (smb., smth.), (с кем. с чем) have to do with (smb., smth.)
    9) Makarov: be concerned with, deal (с кем-л.), traffic, transact, deal with, deal with (с кем-л.), deal with a matter (с чем-л.)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > иметь дело

  • 12 бороться

    1) General subject: antagonize, battel, breast, buffet (особ. с волнами), champion (за что-л.), combat, conflict, contest, cope (с кем-л., чем-л. - with), crusade, deal, deal (с чем-л.), fall over each other, fall over one another, grapple (сцепившись), joust (с кем.-л.), militate, oppose, raise a banner, rassle, rassle (против чего-л.), repugn (с чем-л.), set face against (с кем-л., чем-л.), strive for (друг с другом, за что-л.), tug, tussle with (с кем-л.), wage (за что-либо), war (with, against; с кем-л., чем-л.), warsle, warsle (против чего-л.), wrestle (to wrestle against (with) temptation (adversity) - бороться с искушением (бедой)), battle, contend, fight, strike for, strive, struggle, tussle, stand up (за что-л.-for), tackle (ex. tackle threat), strive for (за что-л.), struggle for (за что-л.), fight with (с кем-л., против кого-л.), vie
    2) American: antagonize (против чего-л.)
    3) Literal: grapple with
    4) Bookish: (with, against) war (с кем-л., чем-л.)
    5) History: crusade (за что-л. или против чего-л.), just (с кем.-л.)
    6) British English: pfaff around
    8) Diplomatic term: work (за что-л.)
    9) Telecommunications: scramble
    10) Jargon: clonk, (за что-л.) slug it out
    11) Makarov: control (с вредителями, пылью, шумом), jostle, pit, tilt, work for (за что-л.), contest with, combat for (за что-л.), fight with (с кем-л.), fight against (с кем-л. чем-л.), deal with (с чем-л.), do battle over (с чем-л.), do battle with (с чем-л.)
    12) Phraseological unit: drop the gloves

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > бороться

  • 13 Language

       Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)
       It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)
       It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)
       Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)
       It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)
       [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]
       Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it
       Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another
       LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)
       We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)
       We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.
       The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)
       9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language
       The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)
       It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)
       In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)
       In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)
       [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)
       he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.
       The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)
       The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.
       But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)
       The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)
        t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)
       A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)
       Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)
       It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)
       First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....
       Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)
       If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)
        23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction
       Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)
       By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)
       Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language

  • 14 strak

    1 [zonder bochten/plooien] tight ⇒ taut 〈 touw, zeil〉
    2 [onafgewend] fixed ⇒ set, intent
    3 [geen gevoelens uitdrukkend] fixed ⇒ set, 〈 streng〉 stern, 〈 gespannen〉 tense
    4 [onverzettelijk] rigid
    ♦voorbeelden:
    1   〈 figuurlijk〉 iemand strak houden • keep someone on a tight rein
         de snaren strakker spannen • tighten the strings
         strak trekken • stretch, pull tight
         strakker worden • tighten, be drawn tight
    2   iemand strak aankijken • fix (one's gaze on) someone
         ze hield haar blik strak op het podium gericht • she kept her eyes fixed/nailed to the stage
    3   〈 figuurlijk〉 een strakke bouwstijl • an austere style of architecture
         met een strak gezicht • unsmiling, with a stony face
         een strakke glimlach • a fixed/tense smile
    4   strak gespannen aandacht • taut/fixed attention
         strak aan iets vasthouden • stick to something, keep rigidly to something

    Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > strak

  • 15 Rhadame

    A fine set silk dress cloth, woven in a twill weave and finished with a glossy face. The qualities vary considerably. One cloth is made 100 ends and 120 picks per inch, 26 denier silk warp, 52 denier silk weft, 2 X 2 weave. A 12-shaft weave is used to give an indefinite twill.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Rhadame

  • 16 сталкиваться с

    Более того, в силу однородности степени ноль x(p, w) зависит только от множества бюджетов, с которыми сталкивается потребитель. — Moreover, by homogeneity of degree zero, x(p, w) depends only on the budget set the consumer faces.

    Множество вальрасовых или конкурентных бюджетов есть множество всех возможных потребительских наборов для потребителя, имеющего дело с рыночными ценами р и обладающего богатством w. — The Walrasian or competitive budget set is the set of all feasible consumption bundles for the consumer who faces market prices p and has wealth w.

    Столкнувшись с этой ситуацией, фирма постарается "раздуть" субсидию своей деятельностью. — Faced with this situation, the firm will seek to "inflate" the subsidy by its actions.

    Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > сталкиваться с

  • 17 лицом к лицу (встречаться , сталкиваться , пр.) (увидеть) (to come)

    Set phrase: face to face with (smth.)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > лицом к лицу (встречаться , сталкиваться , пр.) (увидеть) (to come)

  • 18 пошути с ослом, так он тебя хвостом в лицо хлестнёт

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > пошути с ослом, так он тебя хвостом в лицо хлестнёт

  • 19 пошутишь с ослом, а он тебя по лицу хвостом

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > пошутишь с ослом, а он тебя по лицу хвостом

  • 20 с дураками шутить опасно

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > с дураками шутить опасно

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • Face — (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance of… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face ague — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face card — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face cloth — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face guard — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face hammer — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face joint — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face mite — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face mold — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face of a — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Face of a bastion — Face Face (f[=a]s), n. [F., from L. facies form, shape, face, perh. from facere to make (see {Fact}); or perh. orig. meaning appearance, and from a root meaning to shine, and akin to E. fancy. Cf. {Facetious}.] 1. The exterior form or appearance… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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